Poor dental hygiene can lead to a variety of health issues that go far beyond just tooth decay and gum disease. It isn’t enough to brush your teeth once a day – ideally, you should brush twice daily and floss once daily, as well as visit your dentist at least twice a year for a more thorough clean. Here are 5 major health problems that can result from poor oral health.
1. Heart Disease
There is a clear link between poor oral health and heart disease. Bacteria from gum disease can enter the bloodstream and cause inflammation, which can damage blood vessels and lead to the buildup of fatty plaque in arteries. This plaque buildup increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Studies show that people with gum disease have nearly double the risk of suffering from coronary artery disease. Good dental hygiene and professional dental cleanings can help reduce inflammation and bacteria that contribute to heart disease.
2. Diabetes
The relationship between oral health and diabetes goes both ways. Uncontrolled diabetes leads to greater risk of gum disease, while gum disease makes diabetes more difficult to control.
Inflammation from gum disease makes cells less sensitive to insulin. This poor blood sugar control puts diabetics at further risk for complications. Conversely, proper dental hygiene and treatment of gum disease can help improve blood sugar regulation in diabetics.
3. Respiratory Infections
Bacteria from a mouth full of germs can be inhaled into the lungs. This is particularly problematic for people with compromised immune systems or lung conditions.
Pneumonia, COPD flare-ups, and aggravated asthma symptoms are more likely to occur in those with poor oral hygiene. Reducing bacteria in the mouth lessens the chance of respiratory infection or complications.
4. Dementia
There are indications that poor dental health increases the risk of dementia. Periodontitis (severe gum infection) is common in dementia patients. Experts theorize that inflammation from gum disease contributes to cognitive decline.
Bacteria entering the blood from infected gums could also affect the brain. More research is needed, but maintaining good oral health practices may help preserve cognitive function.
5. Oral Cancer
Oral cancer often starts as a tiny wound or sore in the mouth that doesn’t heal. Chronic irritation from poor-fitting dentures, rough teeth, or dental infections increase the risk of this occurring. Caught early, oral cancer has good treatment prognosis. But it can become serious and spread quickly.
Regular dental visits allow early detection of sores and problems. Quitting smoking and alcohol use, limiting sun exposure, and using proper protective gear for contact sports also help prevent oral cancer.
6. Preterm Labor
Poor gum health in pregnant women has been associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. Periodontitis causes increased systemic inflammation, which could trigger early labor contractions.
Bacteria from gum infections can also get into the bloodstream and potentially infect the placenta. Placental inflammation is another risk factor for preterm birth.
Pregnant women with gum disease have a higher chance of having underweight or premature babies. Therefore, it is especially important for expecting mothers to brush, floss, and have professional cleanings to maintain healthy gums and reduce this risk. Treating periodontitis can lower the chances of preterm labor.
From heart attacks to respiratory failure, poor oral hygiene contributes to systemic health problems throughout the body. Paying attention to your oral health leads to whole body health and well-being.
